|
³o¤@Ó°ÝÃD²o§è¨ì«Ü¦hªº±¦V¡A¦ý¬O¨S¦³¤@©wªº³W½d¡Aj n´_¨|³¥©ñ©Î¬O¤£n³£¬O¬ÝÓ¤Hªº¨M©w¡A¹ïÀô¹Òªº¼vÅT4 ¥H¤Î¹ï³o¤@ºØ¥Íª«·í¦a±Ú¸sªº¼vÅT¡AÁÙ¦³¸ò¥L¥Í¬¡¦bªþªñAw6m ¤£¦P¥Íª«ªº¼vÅT¡A³£«ÜÃø»¡¡C¨º³o¤]¬O¤j®a·N¨£¯Éª[ªº¦a¤è¡C+ ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ !R&rX ´N§ÚÀ´ªº¦a¤è¡A³o¤@Ó°ÝÃD¥]§tªº²Ä¤@Ó¼h±¬O§Ṳ́H=T< ¬O¤£¬OÀ³¸Ó¤¶¤J¡]¨ä¹ê§Ú̥ͬ¡¦b¦b¥LÌÀô¹Òªþªñ¡A§ïÅÜSNL!L Àô¹Òªº±»ª¡A¤w¸g¤¶¤J¤F¡^¡C³o¤@ÂI¤j®a·Qªk·|®t«Ü¦h¡CAHTGf ²Ä¤GӤ豴N¬O§A¬Û«H±Ú¸sªº¤À¤Æ¡A¤D¦Üª«ºØªº¤À¤Æ¡A¬OÀH¾÷XUP* ªº¹Lµ{¡]Neutralist¡^¡A©Î¬O¦³¿ï¾ÜÀ£¤O³y¦¨¡]selectionist¡^¡CkX]X>o ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ Tg~M% ¥ý»¡§Ú¬O¤ä«ù³¥©ñ¸ò´_¨|ªº¡A©Ò¥H§Ú«á±¬Dªº¨Ò¤l³£·|¹ï§Úªº»¡ªk2b ¤ñ¸û¦³§Q¡A¦pªG¬Ý¨ì³o¨âÓµü·JÅý±z·P¨ü¤£¦n¡A«D±`©êºp¡Gmkd ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ =qJs Ãö©óª«ºØ¡]±Ú¸s¡^¤À¤Æ¬OÀH¾÷ªº¹Lµ{¡]¤jªº¦a²z¹jÂ÷¨Æ¥ó¡^¡AW6`!\} ³o¤@ÂI´N¤£¬O«Ü¯¸ªº¦í¸}¡A¦]¬°¥@¬É¤Wªºª«ºØ¼Æ¥Ø·¥¦h¡A³æ¾a!S&;5g ¦a¸Ì¹jÂ÷µ¥¹Lµ{n³y´N²{¤µ³o»ò¦hªº¥Íª«¥i¯à©Ê«Ü¤p¡F¤ÏˬOo5n ¦UÓ¤p±Ú¸s¦]¥¼¾AÀ³¤£¤@¼Ëªº¥Í¬¡Àô¹Ò¡]¦b¦P¤@Ó¦a¤è¤À§G¡A>V ¨CÓ±Ú¸s¾AÀ³¤£¤@¼Ëªº¥ÍºA°Ï¦ì¡A³y¦¨¤À¤Æ¡A³o¼Ë¤~¯à¸Ñ¬O²{¤µ[nbE:s ³o»ò¦hªºª«ºØ¼Æ¡^(Wu 2001)¡C.@6 ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ Vc ²{¤µªº¤½¶é«OÅ@ª«ºØ¦h¼Ë©Ê¡A¤Î¿ò¶Ç¦h¼Ë©Êªº®Ú¾Ú¤j¦h¨Ó¦Û®qÀ¬U5 ¥ÍºA¾Ç¡]Island Biogeography¡^¡G¥Íª«¦³ºØ·½¤¤¤ß¡A¨CÓ©P³òªº¤p=+:U=| ±Ú¸s¥Ñ¤¤¤ß¤À¥X¥h¡A¥H¦Ü©ó¥Lªº¿ò¶Çµ²ºc»P¤¤¤ß¦³¤£¦P¡C¦ý³oÓ°²³]Z`b*n ¸ò¥»¤W¬O¤£¹ê»Úªº¡A¬°¤°»ò©P³òªº¤p±Ú¸s¤£¯à©¹¤¤¤ßÂX´²¦^¥h¡H&&D!K0 ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ qVe ³o¤]¬Oªñ¥N¥ÍºA¾Çµo®i¥XÃöÁp±Ú¸s¡]Metapopulation¡^ªº¥Dnì¦]¡C`^!whr ©Ò¦³ªº¤p±Ú¸s¡]Subpopulation¡^¤§¶¡¬O¤¬¬Û¥i¥H¾E±pªº¡A¦p¦¹¤@¨Ó?c1b ºû«ù¾ãÓ±Ú¸s¡]Population¡^¤£¸m©óµ´·À¡C¦]¬°Metapopulation¤¤¦³$)" «Ü«nªº¤@ÂI¥ÍºA¤º®e´N¬O¡G¦a°Ï©Êªº·Àµ´¬O¤@©w·|µo¥Íªº¡]Localu!O extinction¡^¡C©Ò¥H¼W¥[¦UӴϦa±Ú¸s¤§¶¡³sµ²©Ê¡A·|¦³§U¯q·í¬Y¦a¤ès ¤p±Ú¸s®ø¥¢®É¡A¥i¥H¥Ñ¥t¤@Ó¤p±Ú¸sªºÓÅé¦A¦¸¶i¤J©~¦í1 ¡]re-colonization¡^¡A¾ãÓ±Ú¸s¦]¦Ó±o¥H¤@ª½«ùÄò¡C}vR ³o¬O¤é«á«O¨|ªº¤è¦V¡A¤£¦A¬O¥u°µ´Ï¦a«O¨|¡]§â´Ï¦a¸òªþªñ¹jÂ÷°_¨Ó¡^¡A"Z ÁÙn¥[¤W¼W¥[¦UӴϦa¤§¶¡ªº³sµ²©Ê¡C.Z+ *·Qª¾¹D§ó¦h-- Google (Metapopulation+Hanski)$\ ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ }O~
¥t¤@Ӥ豬OÃö©ó¤j®a«Ü³ßÅw»¡ªº°ò¦]¦¾¬V¡A§Ú·Q¤j·§¬O±q³o¤@ÓµüS.OKF genetic introgression¡]¿ò¶Çº¯¤J¡^¨Óªº¡C¤£ª¾¹D¬°¤°»ò¤j®an¥Î"¦Ã¬V"$55 ¨Ó§Î®e¥L¡H¿ò¶Ç¥æ¬yªº¦P®ÉÁÙ¬O¥i¥HÄ~Äòºû«ù·í¦aª«ºØªº¯S¦³©Êªº(Nosil 2008)¡I{f#_kx «ç»ò»¡©O¡H¦V±¦³¨âÓ¨Ò¤l¡A¤@Ó¬O¦PºØ¤£¦P¥ÍºA«¬¡A¥t¤@Ó¬O¤£¦PºØ¡Gk- ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ j?6 ²Ä¤@Ó¨Ò¤l¬O¨B¦æÂÎPogonus chalceus¡A¥L¦³¨âºØ¥ÍºA«¬¡A¬¡¦b¤£¤@¼Ë%ObM,' ªºÀô¹Ò¤¤¡A¯Í»Hªºªø«×¦³¤À¤Æ¡A¶¯ÂΪº¤j¤p¤]¦³¤À¤Æ¡Cv\ ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ 4 ¦¹¥DÃD¬ÛÃö¹Ï¤ù¦p¤U¡Gb.]=z F"+k$S e «ö¦¹¬d¬Ý¹Ï¤ù¸Ô²Ó¸ê®Æ¥¿¦bŪ¨ú¦¹¹Ï¤ùªº¸Ô²Ó¸ê®Æ¡A½ÐµyÔ ... | 1!v\Ds ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ F86 ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ %yQa! ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ 1M ¦¹¥DÃD¬ÛÃö¹Ï¤ù¦p¤U¡G=z. Zj V| «ö¦¹¬d¬Ý¹Ï¤ù¸Ô²Ó¸ê®Æ¥¿¦bŪ¨ú¦¹¹Ï¤ùªº¸Ô²Ó¸ê®Æ¡A½ÐµyÔ ... | f>Nwh= ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ 0wzRdK ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ Ul68 ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ B#(>:d ©Ò¥H«¬ºA¤W¥i¥H¤À¥X¨Ó¦Û¨âÓ¤£¦P´Ï¦aªºÓÅé¡A¨º¿ò¶Çµ²ºc©O¡H(s" ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ F;dK- ¦¹¥DÃD¬ÛÃö¹Ï¤ù¦p¤U¡G16H[ ?Zj } «ö¦¹¬d¬Ý¹Ï¤ù¸Ô²Ó¸ê®Æ¥¿¦bŪ¨ú¦¹¹Ï¤ùªº¸Ô²Ó¸ê®Æ¡A½ÐµyÔ ... | n~$dT ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ |$?dtW ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ :"_ IDH°ò¦]®y¦b¦U±Ú¸s¶¡¤À¤Æ«Ü¤j¡A¦ý¬Omicrosatellite loci¸òallozyme85.";C ªº¸ê®Æ¡]¤¤©Êªº¡^«o³£¨S¤À¤Æ¡]¤£ÅãµÛ¡^(Dhuyvetter et al. 2007)¡C&e\~9 ³oÓªF¦è»¡©ú¤°»ò©O¡HX_%#mv ¬Y¨Ç°ò¦]·|¨üÀô¹Ò¿ï¾Ü¡A¬Y¨Ç¨ü¨ìªº¼vÅT¤ñ¸û¤p¡C´N¸ò¥~ªíªº¯S¼x¡AsA.;T3 ¦³¨Ç¯S¼x¦b¯S§O¦a¤è¯S¤Æ«Ü©úÅã¡A¬Y¨Ç¤£·|¡C^ ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ eNKy ¥t¥~¤@Ó¨Ò¤l¬OôÆÜôªº¨Ò¤l(Niemiller et al. 2008)¡A¨âÓ¦b¥~Æ[¤Î¥Í¬¡OWf Àô¹Ò³£·¥¤£¦PªººØÃþ¡]¦³¿ò¶Ç©Ê¡^¡A©¼¦¹¶¡³£ÁÙ¦³¿ò¶Ç¥æ¬y¡C{[<7}, ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ l=r
³o¤@½g¦^´_¥u¬O·Q»¡©ú¦ÛµMªº¿ï¾ÜÀ£¤O¬O«Ü¤jªº¡A¬Y¨Ç³Qfavourªºgenewio ·|¤ñ¸û®e©ö¯d¤U¨Ó¡A¬J¨ÏÂø¥æ¼vÅT¤]¤£ÅãµÛ¡C«OÅ@¥Íª«ªº«ÂI°£¤F«OÅ@c+~mLy ´Ï¦a¤§¥~¡AÁÙ¦³´Ï¦a¤§¶¡ªº³s±µ©Ê¡A¦Ó¤£¬O±N¨ºÓ±Ú¸s¹jÂ÷¡CRX ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ S#Ew3z
¥H¤Wªº¤º®e¡A¤j®a³£¥i¥H¥Î§A¤£ª¾¹D¤Þ¤Jªº·sÓÅé¹ï·í¦a±Ú¸sªºÄvª§¼vÅT¡A\J ¹ï¨ä¥L¥Íª«ªº¼vÅT¡A·|¤£·|¶W¹L©Ó¸ü¶q¡]Carrying capacity¡^µ¥¡AÁÙ¦³¤Þ¤J;m<L ªºÓÅé·d¤£¦n¥»¨Ó´N¤£¥i¯à¸ò·í¦a±Ú¸s¦³³sµ²¨Ó§ðÀ»¡C¨º§Ú¤]¨S¦³¯à¤O¦^µª*"~ ³o¨Ç¡C¦ý¬O§Ú¥i¥H»¡ªº¬O¡A¤HÃþªº¬¡°Ê¥»¨Ó´N·|¹ï¶g¾Dªº¥Íª«¦³¼vÅT¡A¬J¨ÏKsrE §Ų́S¦³¥´ºânÅý¤£¦P±Ú¸s©Î¬Oª«ºØ°í¦³¿ò¶Ç¥æ¬y¡A§Ú̱`±`³£¤w¸g°µ¤F¡ChUN8dn ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ ufz ¨º§Ú̦³»Ýn¦A¥H¤H¬°ªº¤O¶qÅý¥L̦^´_¶Ü¡H$WS1"\ ·|¤£·|¶V°µ¶VÁV¡A©Î¬O¨S¦³§ïÅÜ¡A©Î¬OÅܦn¡H³o¨ÇªF¦è³£¨S¦³¸Õ¤£ª¾¹D¡Cwg& ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ C ¤@¨ÇreferencesL5z Dhuyvetter H, Hendrickx F, Gaublomme E, Desender K. 2007. Differentiation between two salt marsh beetle ecotypes: evidence for ongoing speciation. Evolution. 61, 184-193.~> Niemiller ML, Fitzpatrick BM, Miller BT. 2008. Recent divergence with gene flow in Tennessee cave salamanders (Plethodontidae: Gyrinophilus) inferred from gene genealogies. Mol Ecol. 17: 2258-2275.QR+ Nosil P. 2008. Speciation with gene flow could be common. Mol Ecol. 2103-2106.@# Wu C-I. 2001. The genic view of the process of speciation. J Evolution Biol. 14: 851-865.}j&'# ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ -F
¤§«e¦³¨Ç°Q½×·|°Ý¥ÍºA¾Ç¸Ó±q¤°»ò¶}©l°á*r http://www.mtholyoke.edu/courses/srachoot/ecoevo/HomagetoSantaRosalia.pdfzc ´N±q¤W±³o¤@½g§a¡A¨S¦³¥ô¦ómodel¸òTheory¡A¦ý¬O¥i¥H¬Ý¬Ý¦³þ¨Çpaper9|TwY ¤Þ¥Î¥L§@¬°reference¡AµM«á°µ¬ã¨s¡Co4G http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/282070B~/d"Z ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ k2 ´NÂæ©©øÂν׾ -- ©øÂν׾¡@¡@ F §Æ±æ¤j®a´r§Ö¡IKm
| | |
µ¹µo¤åªÌ¤@ÓÆg ¡@
Dynastes & Xylotrupes Systematics, Demographic History, and Statistical Phylogeography in Progress...
|
|
|